Wednesday, November 27, 2019

Alabama Immigration Law free essay sample

Policy Analysis I Paper CJA 463 Policy Analysis I Paper The new Alabama Immigration Law has set a new get tough standard for immigration law and policies. The law â€Å"[outlaws illegal immigrants from receiving any state or local public benefits, bars them from enrolling in or attending public colleges, and prohibits them from applying for or soliciting work]†. (Fausset,  para. 11) The Alabama Immigration Law also forbids the harboring and transport of illegal immigrants.The law also outlaws them from knowingly renting any type of facility or property and does not allow them to work any where in the sate. If a company has an illegal person on their payroll then it makes it an illegal practice to not hire a legal resident. A big issue that has come up in many debates is the fact that schools now have to verify the legality of students in their schools. It does not ban students from attending the school but it does require that the schools keep a report and send it in to the state board of education. We will write a custom essay sample on Alabama Immigration Law or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Another issue is that the police department must detain any person that can no provide documentation of being a United States Citizen. The Governor of Alabama, Robert Bentley, initiated this bill into congress and it was passed. The bill takes effect on September 1st 2011. Opponents of the bill state that it is unconstitutional. Some of them even saying that it is going back to the pre civil rights era. People are afraid that students will be afraid to attend school in case they are found out to be illegal.If they are found to be illegal then their parents and family could be kicked out of their home, fired from their jobs and they could lose any benefits that they may have making it impossible for them to live. The fear is also that they will be harassed by other kids at the school making it hard for them to attend and learn. The constitutional issue that arises is the discrimination factor. Illegal immigrants are being discriminated against because of their background. It is against the constitution to do that.This has many people angry and looking to overturn the laws in Alabama because of this. This law is more of a regulatory policy because the government of Alabama passed the law to ban illegal immigrants from the state and the laws to enact this ban are going to be taken into effect. The policies and laws surrounding this new act will affect many people and organizations. The illegal immigrants are going to be affected but the police department will have to make a special unit to handle the illegal immigrants or the suspected illegal immigrants that are stopped and detained. This will cost the taxpayers more money and will cost the police department more money because they will have to build bigger facilities, hire more work force and ensure that everyone is multilingual that works on these task forces. Those that do not have the funds to build bigger holding facilities will have to incur the costs to transport the illegal immigrants to other facilities within the state to hold until another unit comes in and verifies their status.The schools will have to hire a whole team that counts and ensures legal status for all children in the school. This unit would need to be multilingual to help with the needs of the illegal immigrant children and to ensure they knew what to do with these statistics. The school system will incur many costs because the unit will have to research and prepare a report stating their findings to the state board of education in Alabama. The state as a whole will be affected because employers will be afraid to hire anyone that does not â€Å"look† American.The employers have to hire another set of employees just to handle the paperwork involved in the e-verify system and to ensure all of their employees are legally authorized to work in the United States. This will cost the employers more money and will leave them little to no room to give incentive raises or merit based raises because of the new jobs this will entail. When new jobs are added, more taxes and insurance is required causing some places to maybe even shut their doors.

Saturday, November 23, 2019

China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) company internationalization essay part 2Essay Writing Service

China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) company internationalization essay part 2Essay Writing Service China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) company internationalization essay part 2 China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) company internationalization essay part 2China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) company internationalization essay part  1In 2008, there was established the National Energy Commission, and one of the six major areas of its activities was to ensure energy resources through international cooperation. Meanwhile, Chinese oil companies had already implemented abroad, so that the new policy actually became a ratification of already developing activities.Overseas expansion of national companies has four main objectives. First, the obvious an increase in production and reserves, which are used to achieve any possible business expansion; second goal is the development of a differentiated network of energy supplies. The third and fourth objectives are aimed at achieving the status of a world scale and the acquisition of technological and managerial know-how.These tasks are solved successfully. Strategy is being implemented in four mai n areas: mergers and acquisitions, alliances and joint venture transactions resources for the market and loans for oil (Spegele,  2012).Since then, China National Offshore Oil Corporation began to consider expansion abroad. It was noted that the pace of CNOOC has slowed, but the pace of activity for the acquisition of production and cooperation accelerated. Acting as a conceptual reality, in these few years CNOOC with its partners continuously explore overseas market. In September 2008, a subsidiary of the Corporation purchased Norwegian oil company â€Å"Awilco† for 2.36 billion U.S. dollars, thus the corporation expanded its services to 20 countries and regions.One of the methods of expansion in foreign business lies through strategic alliances and cooperation with other foreign companies. This path is usually applied in countries where Chinese companies can not compete with foreign corporations, and the possibility of political support for the leadership of the PRC at th e intergovernmental level is insufficient.In choosing a partner and object of cooperation, there often prevails a task to gain experience in the activities of non-trivial conditions. For example, the practice of working in deep water will be useful in promoting the exploration and production in China on its own deep-water shelf. To this end, in 2009, CNOOC has worked with Total on deepwater Akpo and Egina in Nigeria (Waller 2010).Recent Period of Internationalization of CNOOC (2010 until today)In 2010, CNOOC and Chevron announced that they are joining their forces to develop oil fields, but not in the Gulf of Mexico, but in coastal waters of China. Around this same time, CNOOC began to invest in the production of shale gas and hard of recoverable oil in the United States.In order to accelerate the process of internationalization in recent years, the corporation has made a number of successful acquisitions of foreign oil and gas assets. The Corporation acquired oil and gas fields in Indonesia, Australia, Nigeria, Angola and other countries. In early 2010, it has committed the USA $3.1 billion to acquire a 50% stake in a major Argentine oil company  «Bridas » (Caijing 2013).Penetration in developing shale gas projects in the United States is also of great interest. In November 2010, both sides of the joint venture acquired 60% of Argentinas second-largest oil company  «Pan American Energy LLC », owned by British oil company, for $7.1 billion, which allowed full control. A few years before that the company Pan American Energy LLC and US company Exxon Mobile signed an agreement to purchase part of the capital of Paraguay, Uruguay and Argentina. In November 2010, CNOOC was able to negotiate the acquisition of 33.3% of the project on shale gas Eagle Ford Shale.In 2010, the net profit of CNOOC reached 54.41 billion Yuan (US $ 1 = 6.56 Yuan) with an increase of 84.5 percent compared with the previous year. According to their 2010report, in 2009 the companys r evenues from the sale of oil and natural gas rose to 149.12 billion Yuan, up by 77.7 percent. The annual report says that in 2010 the total production of oil and natural gas totaled 328.8 million barrels of oil equivalent, an increase of 44.4 percent compared with 2009. Such a significant increase in total production was achieved through the introduction of new oil fields, foreign purchases of existing oil fields and normal operation of existing wells (Caijing 2014).  Every year the company increases its profit. For example, revenues of CNOOC in the III quarter of 2011 compared with the same period of previous year increased by 23.7% to 46.26 billion Yuan (7.25 billion dollars). Total production of oil and gas of CNOOC in III quarter 2011 amounted 80.9 million barrels of oil equivalent (Saywell 2013).In October 2011, China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) and China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) in association with Royal Dutch -Shell and the French Total got the r ight to develop and operate for 35 years the worlds largest deep-sea deposits. It is located in 170 km from the coast of the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro. Field’s Libra recoverable reserves are estimated at 12.8 billion barrels of oil. 12 production platforms with a maximum total daily production of 1.4 million barrels have already started. It should also be noted that in the framework of the strategy of absorption in November 2011, CNOOC has closed a deal on the absorption of Opti Canada Ltd. for $ 2.04 billion (Armstrong Grindell 2012).In March 2014, China National Offshore Oil Corporation announced that it has recently opened a new middle largest gas field, called Lingshui 17-2. This is the first breakthrough achieved by this company in the exploration of Zyundun basin in the South China Sea. Now the corporations shares are put up for auction at HK and New York stock exchanges, it is the largest offshore oil and gas producer in China.Purchase of parts of foreign com panies has led to the fact that China National Offshore Oil Corporation rapidly began to conquer South America. According to the plan, by 2020 the annual production of the company abroad will be 50 million tons. According to forecasts, this year the volume of crude oil companies abroad will reach 30 million tons (Chinese-champions 2014).ConclusionDevelopment of the world economy can not be foreseen. Economic processes are interdependent and have a feature to evolve or change their usual characteristics. Recently, there are significant changes in the global economy. Global players in international markets and the processes of economic development are changing. Influence of developing economies is increasing. Asian countries come close to the world leaders.China is developing especially rapidly. Beginning of the 21st century was the time of the rapid growth of Chinese economy. It started with various forms of export, development to the countrys infrastructure and gradual market libera lization. In 2001, China joined the World Trade Organization (WTO). The country aspires to economic dominance, domestic companies expand their global presence. A striking example is China National Offshore Oil Corporation. Created 1982, it was actively developed and in 2001 entered the world market, where it works successfully. The company is a world leader in the development of offshore oil and gas resources on the basis of international cooperation and it is Chinas largest offshore oil and gas producer. All this confirms that at the moment Chinese companies have become influential players in the global oil market.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Managing Exchange Rate Risk Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5750 words

Managing Exchange Rate Risk - Research Paper Example The article focusses on different types of currency markets. Thereafter it moves to analyze the determining factors of the impact of foreign exchange rate fluctuations. Next, the article concentrates on analyzing the different type of foreign exchange rate risks and their impact on firms as well as the economy. The paper also provides some remedial measures or risk neutralizing strategies (popularised as hedging). The article provides a brief description of UAE dirham and the consequences it has faced so far due to this fixation with USD. After having some words on the current volatility of foreign exchange in recent times the article provides a note of caution on the future transaction and a conclusion. This is the era of globalization. Trade is now considered as the engine of growth and the massive increase in global trade volume is a true mark of that. The neo liberals portrays trade as a blessing, but international trade has its own share of evils as well. International trade generally exposes a country to outside risks. This risk comes in terms of demand and supplies side shock as well as the movement of the exchange rate. Exchange rate movement becomes important as international trade transactions involves two different types of currency at a time. Without a one-to-one parity, their numerical relation is bound to change over time depending upon the economic condition, the politial and social unrest and the exposure to other kinds of risks such as terrorist attacks. Standing at this position, exchange rate risk management is a very important decision making action on behalf of every firm and economy. Through this, a firm decides its level of currency exposure. Exchange rate risk stands for the unexpected change in exchange rate affecting the value of the firm. It has been found that exchange rate fluctuations impose both direct and indirect loss in the firm’s cash flows, assets and liabilities; net profits and these entire combine in course of time, affecting the stock price of the firm. Previously, it was mostly the MNCs who were exposed to exchange rate fluctuation risk, but as the world moved towards the path of globalization even the indigenous firms started to feel the heat of such risks. MNCs are the main participants in the currency market and they are not left with many choices because of the nature of their international transactions. On the other hand, the economy itself consisting several firms gets exposed to a greater risk of exchange rate fluctuations as for the economy (all the firms it contains), the risk of the firms get cumulated and stand for the risk faced by the economy.